Rancang Bangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya pada Penggunaan Listrik Rumah Tangga
Abstract
Kebutuhan energi listrik semakin meningkat seiring dengan pertambahan penduduk dan laju pertumbuhan ekonomi. Kebutuhan akan penggunaan energi terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan, aman dari polusi dan persediaannya tidak terbatas seperti pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) perlu ditingkatkan. Kementrian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral menyampaikan bahwa Indonesia memiliki potensi energi surya yang sangat besar yakni sekitar 4.8 KWh/m2 yang kemanfaatannya belum optimal. Sebagai upaya untuk turut serta mendukung penggunaan sumber energi terbarukan, maka rancang bangun pembangkit listrik tenaga surya perlu dilakukan khususnya untuk penggunaan listrik rumah tangga. Rancang bangun PLTS ini terdiri dari panel surya yang terhubung pada solar charge controller (SCC), inverter dan baterai. Pengujian sistem dilakukan dengan menggunakan beban berupa lampu dan kipas angin. Hasil pengukuran data dari nilai rata–rata tegangan terbuka (Voc) adalah sebesar 20,40 V dengan arus hubung singkat (Isc) sebesar 6,54 A dan intensitas sinar matahari sebesar 323.09 W/m2. Hasil yang diperoleh dari rancang bangun PLTS ini mampu menahan beban 570 Wh selama 11 jam.
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